Bosnia and Herzegovina, which declared its independence in 1992 with the dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, is a Balkan country with a surface area of 51 thousand 197 km2. Consisting of two autonomous states, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina is a federal democratic republic.
Neretva Valley, located in the southwest of Bosnia and Herzegovina, where a continental climate is observed, is effected by the Mediterranean climate. The country's
temperatures, which reach 30 degrees during the summer, decrease as low as -20 degrees in the winter. The country has abundant rainfall during all four seasons.
Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 3,401,052 according to the World Bank 2016 data, includes many cultures. The ethnic composition of the country, which has three official languages, Bosnian, Serbian and Croatian, consists of 50.11% Bosniaks, 30.78% Serbs, 15.43% Croats and 3.68% other groups. The religious structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of Muslims (50.7%), Christians (30.75%), Catholics (15.19%) and other religions (3.36%).
According to the World Bank data (2020), service activities take first place in the economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina with a Gross Domestic Product of $19.79billion, followed by the industry and agriculture sectors. Among the main production items of the country are metal mining, textile and forestry products.
It is possible to find traces of Ottoman, Byzantine and Western Europe in the country's cuisine, which brings together different cultures and religions. Cevapi, a kind of meatballs, pastry pita, Bosnian pastry, klepe reminiscent of ravioli, and bey soup, are preferred delicacies.
Due to the devastating civil war period, there is a monumentality in every corner of the country, which has a significant place in the memory of humanity. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, besides the capital Sarajevo, Mostar, Banja Luka, Trbinje, Bihac, Nehum, Travnik, Medjugorje, Tuzla, Srebrenica and Prijedor are among the prominent cities.
Primary Travel Destinations in Bosnia and Herzegovina
1- Baščaršija
Baščaršija, located in the capital Sarajevo, hosts a rich history and cultural heritage. Bascarsija, which was established in the 15th century, when the region wasunder Ottoman protection, is a cultural and commercial centre still alive today. It is possible to encounter many structures such as inns, madrasahs, mosques and soup kitchens reflecting Ottoman architecture in the region, attracting significant attention from those who visit the country.
2- Mostar
One of the largest cities in the country, Mostar stands out with its unique view of the Neretva River, which divides the city into two sides. The world-famous MostarBridge is an important visiting point for tourists. Built on the Neretva by order of Suleiman the Magnificent, Mostar Bridge was rebuilt after its destruction during the civil war and entered the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2005.
3 Srebrenica
The city of Srebrenica, located on Bosnia-Herzegovina's border with Serbia, reflects a sad memory of humanity. The city, which is recognised for its unforgettable massacre, has a monumental marker in every corner. The Srebrenica–Potocari Genocide Memorial receives visitors from all over the world, especially for anniversary events.
4- Tuzla
Tuzla, which has the most important salt deposits in Europe, is an important centre that has hosted many civilizations, including the Ottoman Empire, throughout history. In this respect, the region, which has both natural and cultural riches, is an important travel point for tourists.
Ahmet Çağatay Günaltay
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